Month: October 2020

Know your Post Incorporation Compliances: One time & Regular Compliance

Once the Company is incorporated, the Company needs to take various steps to make it functionalized and also to keep various compliances in order. 

In the Indian legal framework, there are various regulatory requirements under various laws, which generally need to be taken care of once the Company is incorporated, below are the general compliances to be complied with. 

COMPLIANCES AT A GLANCE

  1. Prepare all the necessary stationeries like letter heads, board, business card etc,.
  2. Hold the first board meeting within 30 days.
  3. Appoint first statutory auditor within 30 days.
  4. Issue share certificate within 60 days.
  5. Open a bank account.
  6. Deposit your capital amount within 180 days in your bank account. (Note: All the members are required to deposit the amount  equal to their share capital in the bank.)
  7. File commencement of business within 180 days.
  8. GST Registration not required up to the turnover of  Rs. 20 Lakhs in case of Service and Rs. 40 Lakhs in case of Goods. 
  9. Do not take loans from the individuals other director & relatives. You may get trapped within the stringent provision of companies act, 2013.
  10. Hire IPR professionals to safeguard your brand, design, idea, innovation.
  11. Make your company policies and board policies in place.
  12. Always consult to the tax experts before taking any material decisions.
  13. It is highly recommended to all the entrepreneurs out there to do not forget the compliances. It is advisable to hire professional like charted accountant, company secretary, advocate.
  14. Annual return filing.

ONE TIME COMPLIANCES

1.PREPARE STATIONERIES:  

Letter heads and a board outside the registered office shall be kept mentioning the name the name of the Company, registered address and CIN Number. 

2. FIRST BOARD MEETING:

As per the Companies act, 2013 the first board meeting shall be conducted within 30 days from the date of incorporation of the company. 

3. APPOINTMENT OF STATUTORY AUDITOR:

The board of directors shall appoint the First auditors of the Company within 30 days of Incorporation. 

4. SHARE CERTIFICATE:

The share certificate shall be issued to a shareholder within 60 days from the date of incorporation.

5. BANK ACCOUNT:

The Directors shall pass a board resolution and open a bank account as soon as possible as it is very important to carry out all the financial transactions in the company. 

6. DEPOSIT CAPITAL:

The agreed amount of investment should be deposited by all the directors, shareholders, and board members. 

7. COMMENCEMENT OF BUSINESS CERTIFICATE:

The Company shall obtain the commencement of business certificate within 180 days from the date of its incorporation. 

8. GST/ IEC REGISTRATION:

The directors shall take necessary steps to obtain all required registrations like GST, IEC, FSSAI based on the nature of the business of the company. 

9. TRADEMARK:

After incorporation of a business, A visual symbol like a word signature, name, device, label, numerals, or combination of colors used by the owner of the trademark for goods or services can register to secure and create a brand name for their business. 

10. ESI & EPF REGISTRATION: 

The registration under ESI and EPF will be done at the time of incorporation itself. The new company has to comply with the provisions of the ESI & EPF Act when they cross the threshold limit of employment under the respective Act. 

REGULAR COMPLIANCE

1. GST RETURN FILING:

In the GST regime, any regular business has to file monthly returns (GSTR-1 AND GSTR-3B) and annual return (GSTR-9):

2. ESI & EPF RETURN FILING:

ESI:

The ESI provisions are applicable to all the establishements where 10 or more persons are employed and persons earning wages upto 21,000. Due date for filing is on or before 15th of every month.

EPF:

The EPF provisions are applicable to establishments who employ a minimum of 20 persons and notified by the Central Government. Due date for filing is on or before 15th of every month.

3. BOOKS OF ACCOUNTS:

As per section 128, every company shall maintain proper books of accounts which shall represent an accurate and fair view of the state of affairs of the company. The double entry system shall be followed, and the accounting is done on an accrual basis.

4. BOARD MEETING:

Board Meetings shall be held at any time but it has to be held at least once in  every quarter.

5. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING:

Every Company shall in each year hold in addition to any other meetings a General Meeting as its Annual General Meeting and shall specify the meeting as such in the NOTICE calling the Meeting as required under Section 96 of the Companies Act, 2013.

 6. INCOME TAX:

 Private limited companies registered in India must file income tax return on or before 30th September every year. Failure to file income tax return attracts a penalty of Rs.10,000/-. 

7. FORM AOC-4 & MGT-7:

Private limited companies registered in India must file with MCA Form MGT-7 on or before 28th of November each year. Failure to file MGT-7 attracts a penalty of Rs.200 per day of default.

Private limited companies registered in India must file with MCA Form AOC-4 on or before 29th October each year. Failure to file AOC-4 attracts a penalty of Rs.200 per day of default.

8. FORM DPT-3:

One time return:

For, DPT-3 filing must be made by all companies other than a Government company on or before 30.09.2020. Hence, all private limited company, OPC, limited company or Section 8 Company would be required to file Form DPT-3 one-time.

Annual return:

The due date for filing the annual return is 30th June of every year. 

9. DIN E-KYC:

DIN E-KYC or DIR-3 E-KYC form must be filed for all the  Directors of the company on or before 30th September of the immediately next financial year. Failure attracts penalty of Rs.5000.

10. MSME 1 & 2:

The companies getting service from MSME enterprises shall file MSME 1 & 2 each year. The due date shall be 31st October for the first half-yearly period from April to September and 30th April for the second half-yearly period of October to march. 

Infringement Of Trademark – Dispute between Paypal v Paytm

Trademark law is to prevent injury to the goodwill and reputation of the company which owns the trademark as well as consumers are not misled as to the product, service or their sources. Marks helps the buyer to identify their source and assure them. Trademark is an exclusive right which is given to the person for their product. It’s a mark capable of distinguishing the goods and services from one person to others. There are different kinds of trademarks which are prevailing in existence. 

INFRINGEMENT 

  • If any person who uses the right of others or  registered trademark of another right.
  • Making a commercial purpose of someone’s trademark without the concern of the person is stated as infringement. 
  • The act of violation of law or legal right. 

CASE SUMMARY 

  • PayPal is an American leading company operating worldwide for online payment systems that helps in online transactions and also includes electronic alternatives to traditional paper methods like cheque and money order.
  • Paytm is an Indian e-commerce payment system and financial tech company. In Paytm it consists of 11 Indian Languages and offers for online usage or transactions of money like mobile recharge, travel, movies, events booking, utility bills, pharmacies, educational institutions with the Paytm QR code. This company has also launched two new wealth management products like Paytm gold savings plan and gold gifting to simplify long term savings. 
  • On November 18, 2016, Paypal Inc filed an objection at the Indian Trademark Office accusing Paytm, an Indian mobile wallet company, of trademark infringement.
  • November 8, 2016, when the Indian PM Narendra Modi announced the notification of currency notes of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 invalidating overnight 80% of the country’s cash in circulation.
  • It leads to an increase in the digital economy system where that amounts to a raise in a large number of Paytm users in India 
  • For instance, over half a million users a day, Paytm saw its daily transactions grow from 2.5 million to over 7 million a day and a 10-fold increase in the amount of money added to accounts in the first 14 days after the demonetization was announced.
  • Paypal made an objection over Paytm by stating that Paytm has copied the color combination of Paypal which has existed for a longer time.
  • But while looking into the case it has been clear that the color might look similar by the shade of color which was used by Paytm is totally different from Paypal. So the case came in favor of Paytm. 
  • Nowhere people are getting confused at times people used to get because of the color combination which they had used are partially similar but being a new company it has reached in high in recent times it’s not because they copied PayPal it’s because the main reason behind is Paytm is more friendly for Indians and also it has 11 different languages than PayPal.
  • Paytm is prevailing everywhere from normal small street fruit shops to top end transactions. Paytm is an Indian company so it was structured with the feasibility for Indian users. 
  • PayPal is an American company mainly for international transactions so both are distinctive in both ways. So it has been cleared that Paytm doesn’t infringe on the rights of PayPal.

Information about TDS Under Section 194 N – IT Act, 1961: Merits and Demerits

IT Act – Income Tax Act, 1961 

Income Tax is a department of the Ministry of Finance under the Government of India, it is a direct tax which will be collected from the people based on the income level. The percentage of tax will be made as per the slab rate of the government.  

TDS – Tax Deduction at Source  

Any person or company where the limit if threshold increase tax will be deducted.Tax department will deduct the certain amount of tax from the person based on the limits, so payment made after deduction is stated as TDS. 

Section 194 N of Income Tax Act, 1961

  • The New law on TDS on cash withdrawal has come into effect from July 1, 2020.
  • As per the amended law, if an individual withdraws cash exceeding Rs 20 lakh in an FY(Financial year) from his/her bank account (current or savings) and has not filed ITR (Income Tax Return)during the last three financial years then TDS will be leviable at the rate of 2% on the amount of cash withdrawn. Further, if the amount of cash withdrawn exceeds Rs 1 crore in the financial year, then TDS at the rate of 5 %  will be applicable on the amount of cash withdrawn in case of the individual who has not filed ITR in the last 3 financial years. 

APPLICABILITY OF THE SECTION 

  • Individual person 
  • Post office
  • Company
  • Partnership firm or LLP  
  • Co-operative bank 
  • Private bank and Public bank 
  • Local authority 
  • An Hindu Undivided Family 
  • An associate of person or Body of Individual 

MERITS AND DEMERITS OF SECTION 194 N 

It has been clearly seen that section 194N cash withdrawal onTDS  is both beneficial as well as harmful depends on the nature of the act

MERITS 

  • It is to curb the people trying to cheat the government for tax exemption
  • Helps to find the black money withdrawal of the business people to avoid illegal activities 
  • No person can transact black money without the knowledge of the government
  • No people can take advantage in cash withdrawn where every cash withdrawal needs a proper explanation or to be held liable to pay tax 
  • This will reduce the illegal  transaction which will be used by the employer among employees where employees cannot bear the tax for general transactions. 
  • We have to keenly look into the factor of the section 194 N it has been clearly mentioned exceeds more than the period of 3 years, so not all the unexpected transactions or the emergency transaction will happen in a series of 3 years only people who have the motive to do illegal behaviour of withdrawal have to pay for it.

DEMERITS 

  • It might be a key factor to find the black money simultaneously cannot blame the business people transaction list because where it ultimately affects the basic privacy right of the person. 
  • Tax is something which has to be imposed for the income of the person not for the cash withdrawal, cash withdrawal happens in many different circumstances where tax should not be levied on it. 
  • So this might lead persons to reduce digital transaction 
  • Where it will promote people to do direct transaction in person which leads to increase in storage of black money as well 
  • When it comes into the factor of business people used to get large number of transaction where they cannot pay tax for it for example if a person is investing in the buying of any kind of machinery or asset for the company the person is already held liable to pay tax for the particular thing, this is something an additional tax which will be imposed for cash withdrawal. 
  • This might also lead to the increased illegal usage of employees’ accounts by the managers or creamy layer of people to hide the transaction and withdrawal process.  
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